Yol Tarif Etme

Bu adrese git-mek istiyorum. Marmaris'e git-mek istiyorum. Tren istasyonu-na gitmek istiyorum. Tuvalet nerede? Otobüs durağı nerede? Otel adresim budur. Sola dönünüz. En kestirme yol burası. Üçüncü caddeden sola dönünüz. Biraz ilerleyiniz, sağa dönünüz. Köprüden geçince sağa dönünüz. Sonra bir daha sorunuz. Oraya otobüsle gidebilirsiniz. Karşıda. Üçüncü sokak. Birinci cadde. Çok yakın. Meydan. Üçüncü bina. Biraz uzak. Sultanahmet'e ne taraftan gidebiliriz? Lütfen bana haritada yolu gösterirmisiniz? Şile buraya ne kadar uzakta? Afedersiniz, Ayasofya'ya gi-den yol bu mu? Bu yol tek yönlü mü? Doğru yolda mıyım? İzmit'e giden yola nasıl çıkabilirim? Sakarya'ya kadar dosdoğru gidin. Yüz metre ilerden sola dönün. Yanlış yolda-sınız, sekiz kilometre kadar geri gidin. Bu bölgenin yol haritası var mı? Nerede ... bulabilirim? Buraya ne ka-dar uzaklıkta ? Oraya nasıl giderim ? En yakın....?

I want to go to this address. I want to go to Marmaris. I want to go to the train station. Where's the toilet? Where's the bus stop? This is my hotel address. Turn left. This is the shortcut. Turn left at the third street. Walk a little, then turn right. After crossing the bridge turn right. Later ask again. You can go there by bus. It's across the street. The third street. The first street. It's very near. Square. The third building. It's a little far. How can I go to Sultanahmet? Can you show me the way on the map? How far is Şile from here? Excuse me, is this the way to Ayasofya? Is this a one way street? Am I on the right way? How can I get to the road to İzmit? Go straight ahead until Sakarya. Turn left after 100 meters. You are on the wrong way, go back for 8 km. Do you have a map of this area? Where can I find ? How far is it ? How do I get there? The closest....?

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE TENSES CHART

SIMPLE PRESENT and SIMPLE PAST The active object becomes the passive subject. am/is/are +  past participle was/were + past participle
Active: Simple Present The movie fascinates me. The movie bores Jack. The movie surprises them.	Passive: Simple Present I am fascinated by the movie. Jack is bored by the movie. They are surprised by the movie.
Active: Simple Past The movie bored me. The movie fascinated Jack. The movie surprised them.	Passive: Simple Past I was bored by the movie. Jack was fascinated by the movie. They were surprisedby the movie.

PRESENT and PAST CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) Passive form:  am/is/are + being + past participle was/were + being + past participle
Active: Present Continuous I am helping Shannon. June is helping Su and Ling.	Passive: Present Continuous Shannon is being helped by me. Su and Ling are being helped by June.
Active: Past Continuous I was cleaning the bathroom. They were cleaning the bedroom. Susan was cleaning the kitchen and patio.	Passive: Past Continuous The bathroom was being cleaned by me. The bedroom was being cleaned by them. The kitchen and patio were being cleaned by Susan.

PRESENT PERFECT, PAST PERFECT and FUTURE PERFECT Passive form:  have/has been + past participle had been + past participle
Active: Present Perfect I have mailed the gift. Jack has mailed the gifts.	Passive: Present Perfect The gift has been mailed by me. The gifts have been mailed by Jack.
Active: Past Perfect Steven Spielberg had directed the movie. Penny Marshall had directed those movies.	Passive: Past Perfect The movie had been directed by Steven Spielberg. The movies had been directed by Penny Marshall.
Active: Future Perfect John will have finished the project next month. They will have finished the projects before then.	Passive: Future Perfect The project will have been finished by next month. The projects will have been finished before then.

FUTURE TENSES Passive forms: will + be + past participle is/are going to be + past participle
Active: Future with WILL I will mail the gift. Jack will mail the gifts.	Passive: Future with WILL The gift will be mailed by me. The gifts will be mailed by Jack.
Active: Future with GOING TO I am going to make the cake. Sue is going to make two cakes.	Passive: Future with GOING TO The cake is going to be made by me. Two cakes are going to be made by Sue.

PRESENT / FUTURE MODALS The passive form follows this pattern: modal + be + past participle
Active: WILL / WON'T (WILL NOT) Sharon will invite Tom to the party. Sharon won't invite Jeff to the party. (Sharon will not invite Jeff to the party.)	Passive: WILL / WON'T (WILL NOT) Tom will be invited to the party by Sharon. Jeff won't be invited to the party by Sharon. (Jeff will not be invited to the party by Sharon.)
Active: CAN / CAN'T (CAN NOT) Mai can foretell the future. Terry can't foretell the future. (Terry can not foretell the future.)	Passive: CAN / CAN'T (CAN NOT) The future can be foretold by Mai. The future can't be foretold by Terry. (The future can not be foretold by Terry.)
Active: MAY / MAY NOT Her company may give Katya a new office. The lazy students may not do the homework. MIGHT / MIGHT NOT Her company might give Katya a new office. The lazy students might not do the homework.	Passive: MAY / MAY NOT Katya may be given a new office by her company. The homework may not be done by the lazy students. MIGHT / MIGHT NOT Katya might be given a new office by her company. The homework might not be done by the lazy students.
Active: SHOULD / SHOULDN'T Students should memorize English verbs. Children shouldn't smoke cigarettes.	Passive: SHOULD / SHOULDN'T English verbs should be memorized by students. Cigarettes shouldn't be smoked by children.
Active: OUGHT TO Students ought to learn English verbs. (negative ought to is rarely used)	Passive: OUGHT TO English verbs ought to be memorized by students.
Active: HAD BETTER / HAD BETTER NOT Students had better practice English every day. Children had better not drink whiskey.	Passive: HAD BETTER / HAD BETTER NOT English had better be practiced every day by students. Whiskey had better not be drunk by children.
Active: MUST / MUST NOT Tourists must apply for a passport to travel abroad. Customers must not use that door.	Passive: MUST / MUST NOT A passport to travel abroad must be applied for. That door must not be used by customers.
Active: HAS TO / HAVE TO She has to practice English every day. Sara and Miho have to wash the dishes every day. DOESN'T HAVE TO/ DON'T HAVE TO Maria doesn't have to clean her bedroom every day. The children don't have to clean their bedrooms every day.	Passive: HAS TO / HAVE TO English has to be practiced every day. The dishes have to be washed by them every day. DOESN'T HAVE TO/ DON'T HAVE TO Her bedroom doesn't have to be cleaned every day. Their bedrooms don't have to be cleaned every day.

A.D.